Pritchard, A. (1861), History of the Infusoria, including the Desmidiaceae and Diatomaceae, British and Foreign: 906 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Pinnularia directa W.Sm. legitimate

Foged, N. (1978), Diatoms in eastern Australia. Biblioth. Phycol 41: 1–243 [secondary reference]

John, J. (1983), The diatom flora of the Swan River Estuary, Western Australia. Bibliotheca Phycologica 64: 1–358 [secondary reference]

Scott, F.J. & Thomas, D.P. (2005), Diatoms. Antarctic Marine Protists: 13–201 [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (2012), Census of Australian Marine Diatoms: - [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Pinnularia directa W.Sm. legitimate

• Comment: Marine and estuarine
• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: Qld, N.S.W., Vic., W.A. (Perth)
• Ex.distribution: Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. (Washington, Florida, Virginia), Canada (Nova Scotia), Beaufort Sea, Iceland, Svalbard, British Isles, North Sea, Baltic Sea, Portugal, Spain, Romania, Mediterranean Sea (Turkey), Black Sea, Pakistan, Southern Ocean, East Antarctica, King George Island

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