Cleve, P.T. (1894), Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., ser. 2 26: 191 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Navicula aspera Ehrenb. legitimate

Crosby, L.H. & Wood, E.J.F. (1959), Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. II. Normally epontic and benthic genera. Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 86: 1–58 [secondary reference]

Foged, N. (1978), Diatoms in eastern Australia. Biblioth. Phycol 41: 1–243 [secondary reference]

John, J. (1983), The diatom flora of the Swan River Estuary, Western Australia. Bibliotheca Phycologica 64: 1–358 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1984), Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of north and north-west Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 59–74 [secondary reference]

Saunders, K., Lane, C., Cook, S., McMinn, A. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (2010), Benthic diatoms. Algae of Australia: Phytoplankton of Temperate Coastal Waters: 114 [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (2012), Census of Australian Marine Diatoms: - [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Navicula aspera Ehrenb. legitimate

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: N & NW Australia, Qld (Heron Island, Noosa, Moreton Bay), N.S.W. (Lake Macquarie), Vic., Tas. (Ralphs Bay), W.A. (King George Sound, Perth)
• Ex.distribution: Brazil, Pacific coast of Mexico, U.S.A. (California, NE coast), Iceland, Arctic Ocean, British Isles, France, North Sea, Spain, Canary Islands, E Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Nigeria, South Africa, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Southern Ocean, Antarctica

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