Shadbolt, G. (1854), Trans. Microscop. Soc. London, n. ser 2: 14, pl. 1, fig. 1 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: South Africa

Crosby, L.H. & Wood, E.J.F. (1958), Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. I. Planktonic and allied species. Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 85: 483–530 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1984), Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of north and north-west Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 59–74 [secondary reference]

Jameson, I. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (2010), Planktonic diatoms. Algae of Australia: Phytoplankton of Temperate Coastal Waters: 32 [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (2012), Census of Australian Marine Diatoms: - [secondary reference]

taxonomic synonym: Bacteriastrum varians Lauder legitimate

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: N & NW Australia, Qld (Moreton Bay), N.S.W. (North, Central and South coasts), Tas., W.A.
• Ex.distribution: Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, North Atlantic Ocean, South Africa, Persian Gulf

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