Ehrenberg, C.G. (1845), Ber. Bekanntm. Verh. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1845: 75 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: West Africa (?) [in guano]

Crosby, L.H. & Wood, E.J.F. (1958), Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. I. Planktonic and allied species. Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 85: 483–530 [secondary reference]

Revelante, N. & Gilmartin, M. (1978), Characteristics of the microplankton and nanoplankton communities of an Australian coastal plain estuary. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res 29: 9–18 [secondary reference]

John, J. (1983), The diatom flora of the Swan River Estuary, Western Australia. Bibliotheca Phycologica 64: 1–358 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1984), Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of north and north-west Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 59–74 [secondary reference]

Jameson, I. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (2010), Planktonic diatoms. Algae of Australia: Phytoplankton of Temperate Coastal Waters: 40 [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (2012), Census of Australian Marine Diatoms: - [secondary reference]

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: N & NW Australia, N.S.W. (North Coast, Sydney), Tas., W.A. (Perth)
• Ex.distribution: Argentina, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. (Washington, NE coast), Canada (Nova Scotia), British Isles, North Sea, Canary Islands, Spain, Portugal, West Africa, Sea of Japan, North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, western, central and southern Pacific Ocean, Southern Ocean

---