Schütt, F. in Hensen, V.A.C. (ed.) (1895), Die Peridineen der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humbolt-Stiftung Bd IV: 16, pl. 5, fig. 24 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: Atlantic Ocean

Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. II – Recent collections. Tech. Pap. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. CSIRO 14: 1–55 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1984), Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of north and north-west Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 59–74 [secondary reference]

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (Comp.) (2012), Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates: - AAL [secondary reference]

• Distribution: Gulf of Carpentaria/North-west Shelf
• Ex.distribution: Brazil, Mexico (Pacific coast), Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Coral Sea (Solomon Islands)

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