Kofoid, C.A. & Swezy, O. (1921), Mem. Univ. Calif 5: 386, pl. 9, fig. 104; text fig. HH11 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: U.S.A. (California)

Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. II – Recent collections. Tech. Pap. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. CSIRO 14: 1–55 [secondary reference]

Jeffrey, S.W. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (1980), Studies of phytoplankton species and photosynthetic pigments in a warm core eddy of the East Australian Current. I. Summer populations. Marine Ecology Progress Series 3: 285–294 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Reid, D.D. (1986), Phytoplankton species successions and their hydrological environment at a coastal station off Sydney. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res 37: 361–377 [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (Comp.) (2012), Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates: - [secondary reference]

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: Coral Sea, East Australian Current, N.S.W. (off Sydney)
• Ex.distribution: Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. (California), Indian Ocean

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