Kofoid, C.A. & Swezy, O. (1921), The free-living unarmored Dinoflagellates. Memoirs of the University of California 5: 221, pl. 2, fig. 24, pl. 5, fig. 56, text fig. Y, 7 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: U.S.A. (California); Mediterranean Sea (Italy)

Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. III – Further collections. Tech. Pap. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. CSIRO 17: 1–20 [secondary reference]

Throndsen, J., Hasle, G.R. & Tangen, K. (2003), Norsk Kystplankton Flora: - [secondary reference]

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

• AMANI dist.: Norway

McCarthy, P. (Comp.) (2012), Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates: - [secondary reference]

taxonomic synonym: Gymnodinium hyalinum M.Lebour legitimate

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: Tasman Sea
• Ex.distribution: U.S.A. (California, Virginia), Canary Islands, British Isles, North Sea, Baltic Sea, Norwegian Sea, Barents Sea, Arctic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea (Italy), Aegean Sea, Black Sea, Indonesia, Solomon Islands, Japan

Thessen, A.E., Patterson, D.J. & Murray, S.A. (2012), The taxonomic significance of species that have only been observed once: The genus Gymnodinium (Dinoflagellata) as an example. PLoS ONE 7(8): - [secondary reference]

Gómez, F., Artigas, L.F. & Gast, R.J (2020), Phylogeny and synonymy of Gyrodinium heterostriatum comb. nov. (Dinophyceae), a common unarmored dinoflagellate in the world oceans. Acta Protozoologica 59(2): 86 [basionym]

basionym of: Gyrodinium heterostriatum (Kof. & Swezy) F.Gómez, Artigas & Gast legitimate

Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G M. (2022), -. Algaebase web site: www.algaebase.org: - [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Gyrodinium heterostriatum (Kof. & Swezy) F.Gómez, Artigas & Gast legitimate

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