Schiller, J. (1928), Arch. Protistenk 62: 142, pl. 5, fig. 17 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: Adriatic Sea

Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. II – Recent collections. Tech. Pap. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. CSIRO 14: 1–55 [secondary reference]

Jeffrey, S.W. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (1980), Studies of phytoplankton species and photosynthetic pigments in a warm core eddy of the East Australian Current. I. Summer populations. Marine Ecology Progress Series 3: 285–294 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1984), Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of north and north-west Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 59–74 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Reid, D.D. (1986), Phytoplankton species successions and their hydrological environment at a coastal station off Sydney. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res 37: 361–377 [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (Comp.) (2012), Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates: - [secondary reference]

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: Gulf of Carpentaria/North-west Shelf, Coral Sea, N.S.W. (off Sydney), East Australian Current
• Ex.distribution: Gulf of Mexico, Spain, Mediterranean Sea (Italy), Adriatic Sea, Black Sea, Indian Ocean, Mexico (Pacific coast)

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