Kofoid, C.A. & Swezy, O. (1921), The free-living unarmored Dinoflagellates. Memoirs of the University of California 5: 256, fig. BB, 8 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Protodinium simplex Lohmann legitimate

Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. II – Recent collections. Tech. Pap. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. CSIRO 14: 1–55 [secondary reference]

Jeffrey, S.W. & Hallegraeff, G.M. (1980), Studies of phytoplankton species and photosynthetic pigments in a warm core eddy of the East Australian Current. I. Summer populations. Marine Ecology Progress Series 3: 285–294 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Jeffrey, S.W. (1984), Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of north and north-west Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 59–74 [secondary reference]

Hallegraeff, G.M. & Reid, D.D. (1986), Phytoplankton species successions and their hydrological environment at a coastal station off Sydney. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res 37: 361–377 [secondary reference]

Larsen, J. (1994), Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters. I. The genus Gymnodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae). Phycologia 33: 24–33 [secondary reference]

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

McCarthy, P. (Comp.) (2012), Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates: - [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Protodinium simplex Lohmann legitimate

• APC Comment: P.McCarthy (2012) uses this taxon concept.
• Distribution: Gulf of Carpentaria/North-west Shelf, Coral Sea, N.S.W. (off Sydney), East Australian Current, Vic. (Port Phillip Bay), W.A. (Swan River)
• Ex.distribution: Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. (W and E coasts), Canary Islands, British Isles, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea (Italy), Adriatic Sea, Black Sea, Straits of Malacca, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Zealand

Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G M. (2022), -. Algaebase web site: www.algaebase.org: - [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Protodinium simplex Lohmann legitimate

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