Gymnodiniaceae
Gyrodinium spirale (Bergh) Kof. & Swezy
, legitimate, scientific
[Kofoid, C.A. & Swezy, O. (1921), The free-living unarmored Dinoflagellates. Memoirs of the University of California 5]:
332, pl. 4, figs 43, DD14
[comb. nov.]
basionym:
Gymnodinium spirale Bergh
legitimate
[Wood, E.J.F. (1963), Dinoflagellates in the Australian region. II – Recent collections. Tech. Pap. Div. Fish. Oceanogr. CSIRO 14]:
1–55
[secondary reference]
[Hallegraeff, G.M. & Reid, D.D. (1986), Phytoplankton species successions and their hydrological environment at a coastal station off Sydney. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res 37]:
361–377
[secondary reference]
[Throndsen, J., Hasle, G.R. & Tangen, K. (2003), Norsk Kystplankton Flora]:
-
[secondary reference]
nomenclatural synonym:
Gymnodinium spirale Bergh
legitimate
nomenclatural synonym:
Spirodinium spirale (Bergh) F.Schütt
legitimate
-
R.Cowan (2008) uses this taxon concept.
[ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008]:
-
[secondary reference]
-
AMANI dist.:
Cosmopolitan
-
Graphic:
Steidinger & Tangen 1997 In Tomas CR (ed) Identifying Marine Phytoplankton plate 20
[Hallegraeff, G.M., Bolch, C.J.S., Huisman, J.M. & de Salas, M.F. (2010), Planktonic dinoflagellates. Algae of Australia: Phytoplankton of Temperate Coastal Waters]:
145–212
[secondary reference]
[McCarthy, P. (Comp.) (2012), Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates]:
-
[secondary reference]
nomenclatural synonym:
Gymnodinium spirale Bergh
legitimate
-
Distribution:
Coral Sea, N.S.W. (off Sydney), Tas. (S coast)
-
Ex.distribution:
Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A. (Washington, California), Canary Islands, British Isles, North Sea, Baltic Sea, Black Sea, East China Sea, Japan, New Zealand
[Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G M. (2022), -. Algaebase web site: www.algaebase.org]:
-
AAL
[secondary reference]
nomenclatural synonym:
Gymnodinium spirale Bergh
legitimate
nomenclatural synonym:
Spirodinium spirale (Bergh) F.Schütt
legitimate