Paulsen, O. (1904), Plankton-Investigations in the Waters Round Iceland in 1903. Meddeleser fra Kommissionen for Havundersogelser. Serie Plankton Bd 1 No 1: 24-25, fig 9 [tax. nov.]

• Type locality: This species has been found only at the north and east coast of Iceland, and most frequently in late summer. I have also seen it in Skjellevik Fjord at the mouth of the Hardandger Fjord, March 30th 1904. Further, Mr Ostenfeld has found it at 59 [degrees] 26' Lat. N., 48 [degrees] 31' Long. W., June 20th, 1903 and 58 [degrees] 26' Lat. N., 39 [degrees] 44' Long. W., July 22nd 1903.

Wood, E.J.F. (1954), Dinoflagellates of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 5: - [secondary reference]

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

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