Hulburt, E.M. (1957), The taxonomy of unarmoured Dinophyceae of shallow embayments on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The Biological Bulletin 112 (2): 199, pl. 1 fig 2 [tax. nov.]

Dodge, J.D. (1982), Marine Dinoflagellates of the British Isles: 72 [secondary reference]

Murray, S. & Patterson, D.J. (2000), Ninth International Conference on Harmful Algal Blooms. Ninth International Conference on Harmful Algal Blooms: - [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Amphidinium operculatum Clap. & J.Lachm. legitimate

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

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