Balech, E. (1976), Clave Ilustrada de Dinoflagellados Antarcticos: 15, fig 5 [tax. nov.]

McMinn, A. & Scott, F.J. in Scott, F.J. & Marchant, H.J. (ed.) (2005), Dinoflagellates. Antarctic Marine Protists: - [secondary reference]

misapplication: Gymnodinium baccatum Balech legitimate by Hada, Y. (1970), The protozoan plankton of the Antarctic and Subantarctic seas. JARE Science Reports 31: 13

• APC Comment: R.Cowan (2008) uses this taxon concept.

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

• AMANI dist.: Australian Antarctic Territory

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