Hulburt, E.M. (1957), The taxonomy of unarmoured Dinophyceae of shallow embayments on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The Biological Bulletin 112 (2): 218; pl.3, fig. 7-9 [tax. nov.]

Throndsen, J., Hasle, G.R. & Tangen, K. (2003), Norsk Kystplankton Flora: - [secondary reference]

ABRS (2008), Australian Algal Name Index Edn. 2008: - [secondary reference]

• AMANI dist.: Norway

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